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The Institute of Medicine defines healthcare quality as the extent to which services improve health outcomes, aligned with professional knowledge. Historically, few surgical decisions were based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but this is changing. To standardize the reporting of RCTs, the CONSORT Group introduced guidelines in 1996, updated in 2001 and 2010. These guidelines are now widely accepted in medical journals, helping improve RCT reporting and applicability in clinical practice.