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This article outlines the history and evolution of scientific peer review, starting from the 17th century with the Journal des Scavans to modern-day practices. It discusses the benefits and challenges of peer review, such as bias and delays, while acknowledging its role in maintaining scientific quality. The authors propose changes to the system and suggest creating an international online training program to accredit referees, aiming to improve the effectiveness of peer review and its contribution to scientific publishing.